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Solar Energy Enginering Terminology

"In questions of science, the authority of a thousand is not worth the humble reasoning of a single individual."
(Galileo Galilei)

Electropedia

Electropedia - is the world's most comprehensive online electrical and electronic
terminology database containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions in English
and French organized by subject area, with equivalent terms in various other languages.
 

The term photovoltaics derives from the Greek word "phos" meaning light and the word "volt" (named by Alessandro Volta). Photovoltaics is a science, which examines light-electricity conversion, respectively, photon energy-electric current conversion. In other words it stands for light-current conversion. As many other technical (and common) words even significant amount of solar energy enginering terminology based on ancient greek language. Some words were derived directly from greek language other indirectly from latin language. Few words originate in arabic language, they were overtaken from arabic language in the early middle century.

Some important photovoltaic terms and symbols used in solar energy engineering and in photovoltaics are presented in the tables below. Detailed information can be found in "IEC/TR2 61836, Solar photovoltaic energy systems - Terms and symbols". For detailed definitions please see also references at the bottom of the page.

 

Terminology - units and symbols



 

Global irradiance

Beam irradiance

Diffuse irradiance


Global irradiation *

Beam irradiation *

Diffuse irradiation *

G

Gb

Gd


H

Hb

Hd

W/m2

W/m2

W/m2

J/m2

J/m2

J/m2


 

Specific heat

Thermal conductivity

Extinction coefficient

Index of refraction

Absorptance

Emittance

Reflectance

Density

Transmittance

c

k

K

n

α

ε

ρ

ρ

τ

J/kg K

W/m K

-

-

-

-

-

kg/m3

-


 

Altitude (0 do +/- 90°)

Surface tilt angle
(0 do +/- 90° tilt toward equator +)

Azimuth of surface
(0 to + 360° - CW from N positive)

Declination (0 to +/- 23.45°)

Incidence angle (0 to + 90°)

Zenith angle (0 to + 90o)

Latitude
(0 to +/- 90o, N from equator +)

Hour angle
(-180° to + 180° , noon 0°, afternoon positive)

α

β


γ


δ

i

Θz

Ψ


ω

degrees (°)

degrees (°)


degrees (°)


degrees (°)

degrees (°)

degrees (°)

degrees (°)


degrees (°)


*NOTE: The unit Wh/m2 (kWh/m2) is often used in technical practise in Europe. Please look for further information and additional symbols in suggested literature.
 

Terminology - books and dictionaries

book Glare, P.W.G.: Oxford Latin Dictionary; Oxford University Press, 1983, 978-0198642244.
book Smith, W., Hall, T.D.: Smith's English-Latin Dictionary; Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, 2000, ISBN 978-0865164918.
book Smith, W., Lockwood, P.: Chambers Murray Latin-English Dictionary; Chambers; Rei Sub edition, 1994, ISBN 978-0550190031.
book Green, T.M.: The Greek & Latin Roots of English; Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.; 4 edition, 2007, ISBN 978-0742547803.
book Liddell, H.G., Scott, R.: An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon: Founded upon the Seventh Edition of Liddell and Scott's Greek-English Lexicon Oxford University Press, 1945, ISBN 978-0199102068.
book Papaioannou, M., Papaioannou, P.: English and Greek Words of Hellenic Origin; Ellin, 2003, ISBN 978-9602867921.
book Konstantinidis, A.: Greek words in english language (greek language), Self published, ISBN 960-90338-2-2.

         

Units, Weights and Measures - books

book Cardarelli, F.: Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights and Measures: Their SI Equivalences and Origins; Springer, 2003, ISBN 978-1852336820.
book Gupta, S.V.: Units of Measurement: Past, Present and Future. International System of Units (Springer Series in Materials Science) Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-3642007378.
book Lindeburg, M.R.: Engineering Unit Conversions Professional Publications, Inc., 1998, ISBN 978-1591260998.

   

Terminology and units - detailed information and conversion tools

Languages: gb ru

Languages: gb fr

More information and some interesting web sites

book IEC/TS 61836 Ed.2, Solar photovoltaic energy systems - Terms, definitions and symbols
book Units and Symbols in Solar Energy; Solar Energy, vol.71, number 1, 2001
book Beckman, W.A et al.: Units and symbols in solar energy; Solar Energy, vol. 21, no. 1, 1978, p. 65-68
book Rösemann, R.: Solar Radiation Measurement, From Sensor to Application; Gengenbach Messtechnik, 2004.
www TCAEP: The Constants and Equation Pages
www The NIST Reference on Constants Units and Uncertainty
www English weigths and measures
www Eric Weisstein's World of Science